🧬Rehya's science blog🧪

Navigating the Wonders of Neurons and Neural Networks  Like cells are the building blocks of life, neurons are the building blocks of the nervous system Neurons We have 100 million neurons (nerve cells) in our human nervous system. With 80% located in the brain! It plays a crucial role in communication by transmitting signals electrically and chemically, to the nervous system.  We have 3 types of neurons:  Sensory neurons Carry messages from the peripheral nervous system to the central nervous system Short axons and long dendrites These are activated by sensory input from the environment (like touching a hot surface with your fingertips) Relay neurons Connect sensory neurons to motor or other relay neurons Short dendrites and short axons Allows sensory neurons and motor neurons to communicate Motor neurons Connects central nervous system to effectors like muscles and glands Short dendrites and long axons Transmits spinal cord to skeletal and smooth muscles and can control our muscle mo

Biopsychology The study of our brain and our nervous system and how it influences mental processes and behaviour.   Nervous system A specialised network of cells in our human body called our nervous system, is a primary internal communication system.  It's made up of 2 main functions:    a) In our environment, it collects, processes and responds to information    b) Co-ordinates working of different organs and cells in the body Our nervous system is made up of 2 sub-systems:  Central nervous system Brain Centre of conscious awareness (if we had this, it would slow the reflex process down) The outer layer, the cerebral cortex, distinguishes our higher mental functions from animals as it is highly developed in humans Divided into 2 hemispheres Spinal cord extension of the brain  responsible for reflex actions like pulling a hand away from a hot plate Peripheral nervous system          Transmits messages via nerve cells (neurons) to and from the central nervous  system Autonomic nervo

 Do you wonder why English is the universal language? Or how about the benefits and drawbacks of English being a universal language and the impacts of this on science? TED Talk inspired This TED talk inspired me to write this blog:  Sophia Kianni: Language shouldn't be a barrier to climate action | TED Talk It spoke about how when Sophia Kianni went to meet her family, the sky was so polluted that she couldn't see the stars in the night sky. Her family didn't know about climate change being a possibility of this. The language that her family spoke was a barrier to the knowledge of climate change. The effects of climate change are becoming more prevalent now than ever. Over 34 countries have seen the effects of climate change.  "On average across 34 countries,  more than half of all adults surveyed   (56%) say climate change has already had a severe effect i n the area where they live. More than seven in ten  (71%), including a majority in every single country , expect

One of the most precious moments of our lives happened when we were born. A path was created for all of us, each to our own. Our genes and environment create the person we are today. Each mother has their own story of how we came about. Either by a natural birth or by a c-section.  "52% of deliveries were spontaneous vaginal births, 11% had instrumental assistance, 15% were elective caesarean sections and 19% were emergency caesarean sections" The definition of a c-section is, "Caesarean birth is the surgical delivery of a baby through a cut (incision) made in the mother's abdomen and uterus" Having known someone who has had a c-section, I think her for bringing me to the world. I'd like to take a moment to thank all mothers for bringing their precious offspring, who are the future of our world.  When a mother gives birth, a positive feedback system occurs, and oxytocin (the hormone of love) is released.  Whether a mother used a c-section or chose to give na

Unveiling the Invisible: The Power and Potential of Microscopes The etymology of the word microscope is that it is derived from two languages. The first being the Latin word, “microscopian”, and the second being the Greek words derived from that, “mikros” (small) and “skopein” (to look at). The first ever “microscopian” was a light microscope which was discovered by the Dutch spectacle maker, Zacharias Jasssan in the 1600s. Centuries later the first transmission electron microscope allowing scientists to see in detail, was founded in 1931 by a physicist and an electrical engineer. Later, the first scanning electron microscope, allowing us to see small specimens in 3D, was made in the 1940s. There are 3 types of microscopes, the light microscope, the transmission electron microscope and the scanning electron microscope. To begin, let us discover the main difference between the light and electron microscopes, which is the cost of light microscopes being cheaper. The electron microscopes

  A level biology - The biological importance of water By Rehya <3 Water is vital for sustaining life on earth. Water is made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom covalently bonded together. The attraction between different water molecules is by hydrogen bonding. Through the dipolar nature (caused by the partial negative and positive charges on opposite sides), this gives water distinct characteristics which helps to sustain life on earth. Water's properties Water is important, especially in the food web because water is useful in producers, like plants. Water is hard to compress which causes the cell to be rigid. Another importance of water is the dipolar nature of water causing it to be cohesive. Cohesion is the attraction between molecules of the same type. Cohesion allows water to drag through the roots and into the stems, attracting other water molecules. Adhesion is the strong attraction between water molecules caused by water being dipolar and it is caused by